1、 特殊的单复数（单数→复数）
a→ae aortae-aortae[主动脉]
pleura-pleurae[胸膜]
us→i coccus-cocci[球菌]
bacillus-bacilli[杆菌]
um→a serum-sera[血清]
bacterium-bactera[细菌]
on→a phenomenon-phenomena[现象]
criterion-criteria[标准]
x→ces cortex-cortices[皮质]
appendix-appendices[阑尾]
thorax-thoraces[胸廓]
x→ges pharynx-pharynges[咽]
larynx-larynges[喉]
is→es crisis-crises[危象]
analysis-analyses[分析]
ma→mata trauma-traumata[创伤]
hemotoma-hemotomata[血肿]
men→mina lumen-lumina[腔]
abdomen-abdomina[腹]
2、字母可互通使用
ae-e haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]
aetiology-etiology[病因]
oe-e oedema-edema[水肿]
oesophagus-esophagus[食管]
ou-u oulitis-ulitis[牙龈炎]
ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿检]
ph-f sulphate-sulfate[硫酸盐]
sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺]
k-c EKG-ECG[心电图]
leukocyte-leucocyte[白细胞]
Katabolism-catabolism[分解代谢]
y-i syrup-sirup[糖浆]
3、英美的不同拼写形式（英-美）
our（英）-or（美） colour-color[颜色]
tumour-tumor[肿瘤]
re-er centre-center[中心]
metre-meter[米]
yes-yze analyse-analyze[分析]
paralyse-paralyze[瘫痪]
xion-ction connexion-connection[连接]
reflexion-reflection[反射]
mme-m gramme-gram[克]
ogue-og dialogue-dialog[对话]
catalogue-catalog[目录]
c-k disc-disk[软盘]
sceptic-skeptic[怀疑论者]
4、词根交替现象
mouth[口]-oral[口的]
tooth[牙齿]-dental[牙齿的]
tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]
ear[耳]-aural[耳的]
nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]
eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]
skin[皮肤]-dermal[皮肤的]
heart [心]-cardiac[心脏的]
liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]
stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]
lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]
kideny[肾]-renal[肾的]
neck[颈]-cervical[颈的]
chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]
brain[脑]-cerebral[脑的]
nerve[神经]-neural[神经的]
rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]
mother[母]-maternal[母亲的]
heat[热]-thermal[热的]
bone[骨]-bony[骨的]
virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]
saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]
respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]
joint[关节]-arthritis[关节炎]
kidney[肾]-nephritis[肾炎]
nerve[神经]-neuritis[神经炎]
lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]
brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎]
stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]
artery[动脉]-arteritis[动脉炎]
bronchus[支气管]-bronchitis[支气管炎]
heart[心]-cardiology[心脏病学]
eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科学]
cell[细胞]-cytology[细胞学]
tumor[肿瘤]-oncology[肿瘤学]
disease[病]-pathology[病理学]
drug[药]-pharmocology[药理学]
parasite[寄生虫]-parasitology[寄生虫学]
bacterium[细菌]-bacteriology[细菌学]
cell[细胸]-cyto-[细胞]
blood[血]-hemo-[血]
5、常用拉丁短语
ad arbitrium[随意地]
ad decubitum[临睡时]
ad effectum[直至有效]
ad interim[暂时]
ad libitum（ad lib）[医学教。育网搜集随意]
ad usum externum[外用]
ad usum internum[内服]
ante caenam[晚饭前]
ante cibum[饭前]
ante horam decubitus[睡前]
ante jentaculum[早饭前]
ante meridiem（A.M）[上午]
bis in die（B.i.d）[每天二次]
curriculum vitae （C.V）[简历]
et al （et alia）[等等]
exmpli gratia （e.g）[例如]
id est （i.e）[即]
in brevi[简言之]
in situ[原位]
in vitro[体外]
in vivo[体内]
locus in quo[现象]
note bene（N.B）[注意]
per annum[每年]
per centum （percent）[百分之……]
per diem[每日]
per mensem[每月]
per os （p.o）[经口]
per rectum[经直肠]
post meridiem （P.M）[下午]
post mortem[死后]
post partum[产后]
post scriptum（P.S）[附言]
pro dosi[一次量]
pro et contra （pro et con）[赞成和反对]
pro re nata （p.r.n）[必要时]
quaque die （q.d）[每天一次]
quaque nocte （q.n）[每晚一次]
quaque quarta hora（q.4h）[每4小时1次]
quaque secundo die（q.o.d）[每二天一次]
ter in die （t.i.d）[每天三次]
ut infra[如下所述]
ut supra[如上所述]
vice versa[反之亦然]
vide infra[参见下文]
vide supra[参见前文]
